Kan nitin nuna chemicals hlauhawm te

Mi tam tak chuan Chemistry khawvelah kan cheng a ni tih hi kan lo hre tawh thin mai thei e. Thing leh mau, nungcha te mai bakah he kan taksa ngei pawh hi chemicals chi hrang hrang inchawhpawlh in a a siam a niin, kan taksa a chemical reactions chi hrang hrang avangtea nung leh che thei kan ni. Amaherawhchu, min hualveltu chemicals te hi hlauhawm lo leh taksa tana tangkai an ni vek lo va. Chutih ahnekin kan taksa a natna hlauhawm tak tak leh harsatna chi hrang hrang thlen a, thihna hial thlen thei chemicals siamchawp (man-made chemicals) sang tam takin min hual vel reng a ni. Kan inchhung theuh in fang dawn teh ang: Thut pindan te, bual in te, choka leh mut pindan thlengin, kan nitin nuna bet nghet em em thil tam tak te hi chemicals chi hrang hrang, an nihna (properties) leh hlauhawm zia kan hriat ngai hauh loh atanga siam an lo ni fur mai. Rinhlelh kai lo leh pawisawi lo anga lang heng pheikhawk te, saidawium leh plastic bur te, mut puan leh thuamhnaw te, rimtui chi hrang hrang te, sofa te, naupang lawm (toys) chi hrang hrang te, sahbawn te, TV leh computers, etc te hian chemicals hlauhawm tak tak, kan taksa a cancer leh natna chi hrang hrang thlen thei an pai fo a ni tih kan hriat a pawimawh hle a ni. Khawvel pum huap a tuai an lo pun tak nachhan te, mipa chi tha lo (reduced fertility) avanga inthlahchhawn chungchanga harsatna kan lo tawk ta fo te hi chemicals hlauhawm tak tak, an hlauhawm zia kan hriat si loh te vang an ni.

1. Cosmetic a hman thin chemicals thenkhat te: Cosmetic product zawng zawngte hi chemicals chi hrang hrang inchawhpawlh atanga siam vek an ni a. Heng shampoo te, perfume te, conditioner te, lip gloss leh lipstick te, body lotion leh body spray te, hair gel leh face wash te, hmai hnawih chi hrang hrang leh thil dang tam takah te hian chemicals hlauhawm tak tak a awm a ni. Kum 2009 April thla khan North Eastern Hill University, Shillong a Mizo nula awm te hnen atangin cosmetic product chi hrang hrang za chuang, company hrang hrang siam lakkhawm a ni a. Ngun taka zirchian an nih hnuah chung lakkhawm zinga chemicals hlauhawm, mihring te a harsatna chi hrang hrang thlen thei hriat thei thenkhat te chu i lo bih chiang teh ang.

i) Parabens: Chemicals chi khat, cosmetic leh damdawi vawng tha tur (preservative) atana an telh thin a ni. Chi hrang hrang a awm a, chung te chu: methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, propyl paraben, butyl paraben, isobutyl paraben, isopropyl paraben leh benzyl paraben te an ni. I cosmetic product chi hrang hrang hman te kha han bih chiang la, ingredients-ah heng zing ami te hi an tel leh tel loh lo enchiang chhin teh. Hun rei tak chhung chu heng parabens te hi taksa hriselna atana him nia ngaih an nih hnuah chu ngaihdan chu tunhnai maia zirchianna chuan a hnawl tan ta. Mi thenkhatah vun thak leh allergy chi hrang hrang a awm tir thei a. Tun hnai maia scientific report pakhat chuan hnute cancer a bawk (tumor)-ah parabens te hi hmuh an nih thu a tarlang bawk. University of Reading, UK a Molecular biologist Phillipa Darbre chuan heng parabens te hi zakhnuai a kan hnawih thin deodorant atang te, body lotion leh body spray atangte a taksa a lut an nih thu a sawi a ni.

ii) Triethanolamine (TEA): Triethanolamine te hian kan taksa-ah cancer leh allergy te a awm tir thei nia hriat a ni a. Lung, thisen zam leh pumpuiah harsatna chi hrang hrang siamin, chuap, mit leh hnarah thak leh harsatna (irritation) a awmtir thei bawk . Tin, immune system (kan taksa a natna hrik lo do tu) an ti chak lo va, endocrine disruptor ni ngeia hriat a ni bawk. US, EU, Japan leh Canada-ah te chuan hman tur zat bituk in, uluk taka khuahkhirh an ni tawh nghe nghe.

iii) Oxybenzone : Benzophenone-3, Eusolex 4360 leh Escalol 567 tia hriat a ni bawk. Ni atanga engzung hlauhawm lo kal ultra violet rays chi hnih UVB leh UVA te a lo hip ral theih avangin sunscreen atana hman a ni. Kum 2008 a US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey an neih a an enfiah mihring zun za zela 96.8 ah he chemicals hi hmuh a ni. EU-ah chuan eng thil siamchhuahah pawh 0.5% aia a tam chuan “Oxybenzone telh” tih chiang taka tarlan a ngai. He compound hi mihring vun chhungah lut in chutah chuan ni eng nena tangkawp in free radicals (atom emaw, atom inzawm khawm electron kawpkim lo nei, taksa tana hlauhawm tak) tam tak an siam a, chuvang chuan photo-carcinogen (photon= eng zung, carcinogen= cancer thlen thei) ni ngeia ngaih a ni. Tin, DNA a hrui pahnih (strands) inzawm a tichat in, a tichhe thei a, Vitamin-D tlakchhamna leh vun natna chikhat melanoma a awmtir thei bawk. Kum 1993 atang daih tawh khan oxybenzone hman hi nasa taka sawisel a lo ni tawh thin a; mahse tun thleng hian thil siamchhuah tam takah hmuh tur a la awm a ni.

iv) Octocrylene: Sunscreen chi hrang hrangah hmuh tur a awm. Ultra violet rays hip ral tura telh thin a ni bawk. A chunga kan tarlan oxybenzone ang bawka hlauhawm leh vun cancer (malignant melanoma) thlen theitu nia hriat a ni.

v) Methicone: Dimethicone leh cyclo-methicone te hi hman lar deuh te chu an ni a. Heng methicone awmna thil siamchhuah hmangtute zingah thak, vun sen leh vual, thawk harsa, ka, hmui, biang leh lei vung te a awm fo.

vi) Octyl methoxycinnamate (Octinoxate): He chemicals hi sunscreen leh hmai hnawih chi hrang hrangah nasa taka hman a ni. Taksaah allergy a awm tir a, immune system tichak lo in inthlahchhawna lamah nghawng thalo tak tak a thlen thei. Chungte chu: mipa chi chaklo (reduced fertility), naute piangsual leh nau thang tha lo te a ni. Tin, inthlahchhawnna lama hman taksa bung hrang hrangte (reproductive organs)-ah cancer a thlen thei bawk. Hei mai bakah kan taksa peng hrang hrang heng lung leh thisen zam te, pumpui leh chaw paitawihna kawng (digestive tract) te, thawk lakna kawng (respiratory system)-ah te harsatna chi hrang hrang thlen thei a ngaih a ni a, endocrine disruptors ni ngeia hriat a ni bawk a ni.

vii) Benzophenone leh benzophenone-5: A chunga kan sawi oxybenzone ang bawka hlauhawm leh tha lo an ni a, hair gel, sunscreen leh body lotion hrang hrangah hman an ni.

viii) Benzene leh hydrocarbons thenkhat te: Heng ha nawhna hlo te, tin hnawih (nail polish) te, sam rawng thlakna (hair dye) te, sahbawn leh thil dang dang a rawng pawlh (artificial colour) leh lip gloss-ah te hian petroleum atanga lakchhuah thil chi hrang hrang telh a ni. Perfume leh rimtui chi hrang hrangah benzene leh benzene chhungkua (benzene family) tam tak telh an ni thin bawk. Heng thil te hi ingredients-ah tarlan an ni ngai lo a, a chhan chu mihringte tana an hlauhawm zia hriatchian an ni tawh hlawmin, taksa a hman tur thil chi hrang hrangah telh phal an nih loh hlawm vang a ni. A chunga kan sawi benzene phei khi chu DNA ti chhia a, thisen cancer thlen theitu a ni tih hriatchian a nih tawh avangin ramchangkang zawkah te chuan laboratory-ah takngial pawh hman phal a ni tawh lo (India ramah chuan nasa taka hman a la ni). Tin, benzene hian thling (bone marrow) a ti chhia a, kan thisena red blood cell ti tlemin, anemia a awm tir thei. Thisen chhuak tawp thei lo leh immune system chak lo a awm tir thei bawk. Kan hriat atana tha chu vaihlo ah hian benzene a awm tih hi a ni. Heng rawng (paint leh dye)-ah te, thil silfai/tihfaina atana hman (detergent)-ah te, puak thei thil ah leh rannung thahna hloah te benzene hi a awm thin bawk.

Khing a chunga kan tarlan tak bakah khian kan taksa a natna chi hrang hrang thlen thei chemicals chi hrang tam tak cosmetic product-ah te hian an awm a ni tih hi i hria ang u. Kan duham avang leh nalh kan duh luat avanga kan chetvelna hian thihna khurah min hnuk lut thin a lo ni. Kan thil siamchhuah lei chu a to viau emaw, man tlawm te emaw pawh ni sela, cosmetic product zawng zawnga an chemicals hman hi a inang tlangpui a. A chang chuan hming hran an vuah mai thin chauh zawk a ni. I cosmetic product lei turah a chunga kan tarlan chemical compound te khi an awm anih chuan, eng anga company tha kutchhuak pawh ni sela lei lo ngam a tha.

2. Formaldehyde: Ram kangah te, motor tlan khuah te, meizial zuk atang ten formaldehyde hi a insiam thin. Mizoramah zu chhia in avanga thi sawi tur an tam hle. Zu chhia kan tih hi zu (alcohol) chikhat methanol a ni a. Chu chu kan taksa a enzymes awm ten formaldehyde-ah an lo let a. Chu chu tur hlauhawm tak thihna thlen fo thin a ni. Formaldehyde hi textile (puan leh thawmhnaw siamna lam) product chi hrang hrangah a chhuar (creasing) tur ven nan an telh thin a, air freshner (boruak ti thiang tu) ah leh zakhnuai rimchhia tihreh nana an hman thin (deodorant)-ah te telh a ni thin bawk. US Environmental Protection Agency chuan carcinogen (cancer thlen thei) zingah formaldehyde hi a chhiar tel a. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) pawh in hrawk cancer thlentu ni ngeia an ngaih thu an tarlang bawk a ni. Sweden-ah leh Japan-ah chuan cosmetic product a telh an khap bur tawh a ni.

Hurricane Katrina leh Hurricane Rita avanga harsatna tawk American chhungkaw thahnem tham tak chu US Federal Emergency Management Acency te chuan in kal thei (mobile homes) kum 2006 atang khan a pe hlawm a. Mahse chunga cheng mi thenkhat chuan thaw tha thei lo te, thaw hah (asthma) leh bronchitis te, hnar thi leh lu na reh thei lo an neih thu an sawi ta fo mai a. Chung in kal thei te chu formaldehyde hmang resin atanga siam an ni hlawm a ni. The United States Centers For Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in chung inchhung boruaka formaldehyde awm zat an han chhuichian hnu chuan mihring taksa tana tha lo tur khawp a tam a awm a ni tih an hmuchhuak a, chhungkaw 519 te chu rauh san thui tura hriattir an ni ta nghe nghe a ni. Tin, formaldehyde hi eitur chi hrang hrang heng noodles-ah te, sangha tin-ah te, arsa atanga siam eitur hrang hrangah leh beer-ah te telh an ni fo bawk a ni.

3. Endocrine disruptors: Endocrine system kan tih chuan kan taksa a hormones chi hrang hrang siamchhuak tu be (glands) te leh chumi lo dawngsawnga, an nih dan tur anga hna thawh tirtu te a huam a. Chemicals thenkhat, kan taksa a lut a, hormones (be atanga thil insiam, thisen a lut, an nihna ang zel a taksa bung hrang hrang a hna thawk thin a ni. Be in hormones a pek chhuah a zirin kan sam rawng te, kan mit rawngte a lo danglam thin) hna thawh tur lo dang emaw lo khawihbuai thin emaw an awm. Chungte chu endocrine disruptors an tih te chu a ni. Heng chemicals te hian inthlahchhawnna lamah harsatna chi hrang hrang an siam thei a, chi nung tha lo/chi chaklo (reduced fertility) te, mipa leh hmeichhia a inthlahchhawnna kawng (reproductive tract) chiangkuang lo te, hmeichhe thi neih chungchanga harsatna chi hrang hrangte, thluak leh rilru lam a chiangkuan lohna te, immune system tha lo leh cancer chi hrang hrang te an thlen thei a ni. A hma a kan tarlan tak tunlai khawvelin a a buaipui chhoh mek khawvel pum huap a tuai/pa thei lo pun na chhan pawh heng endocrine disrupting chemicals vang hi a ni. Kan nitin nuna endocrine disruptor langsar zual thenkhat lo bihchiang dawn ila:

i) DDT: Kum 1936 khan Colorado hmuna sephung (beetle) chi khat, alu eichhe thin te thah nana hman hmasak ber a ni. Indopui pahnihna hmalam kha chuan rannung (insect) thah nan Japan rama pangpar chikhat atanga an lakchhuah pyrethrum an tih chu hman a ni thin a. Indopui a lo chhuah khan Japan chuan pyrethrum a siamchhuah thin chu a lo tih tawp tak avangin a aiawh tu atan DDT hi an hmang ta a ni. Malaria leh typhus natna a darh mai an hlauh avangin tangrual sipai te hnenah sem niin an mut puan, khum leh chenna hmun hruk nan an hmang thin. Indopui a zawh khan khawvel pumah hman chhunzawm zel a ni a, mahse kum 1946 atang daih tawh khan sava, sangha leh rannung thenkhat ah a hlauhawm zia hmuh tan a lo ni tawh. Endocrine disruptor a ni tih hriatchhuah a nih hnu phei chuan ram changkang zawk te chuan siamchhuah leh hman an khap ta a ni.

ii) Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): PCBs te hi thil siamchhuah chi hrang hrangah coolant atan leh lubricants atan an hmang thin. Benzene leh chlorine tihsat atanga siam niin kum 1927 khan Swann Chemical Company te chuan sumdawnna thil atan an siamchhuak tan a. Vun, thin leh thluak cancer a siam thei nia hriat a niin arngeng chi khat chloracne an tih chu a awmtir thei bawk. Tun hnai maia zirchianna atangin endocrine disruptor a ni tih leh naupangah nih tur ang aia thau (obesity) a awmtir thei a ni tih hmuhchhuah a ni a. Khawvel pum huapin kum 1977 khan khap a lo ni tawh a, mahse tun thlengin hmuh tur an la awm a ni.

iii) Bisphenol A: Plastic atanga siam saidawium (bottles) chi hrang hrangah telh an ni thin a. A bikin mineral water bottle leh naute hnute hnek bur (baby bottle)-ah te an hmang uar hle. Endocrine disruptor an ni tih chiang taka hriat a ni tawh a, scientific paper za tam tak tihchhuah a ni tawh nghe nghe. Heti chung hian chemical industry leh USFDA te chuan mihring tana him ah an la chhiar a, mahse US Congress in a hman dan tur bithliah a nih theih nan hma an la mek a ni. Zunthlum, prostrate cancer, obesity leh hriatna thazam buai a awm tir thei a, sperm count (mipa chi vawikhat chhuak a chi mal awm zat, a nih tur aia a tlem chuan fa nei thei lo a awmtir thin) ti tlemin, inthlahchhawnna ah harsatna chi hrang hrang a siam thei a ni.

iv) Brominated Flame Retardant: Kangmeiin a man zung zung theih loh nan heng electronic (TV, computer, fax machine, etc) thilah te, plastic-ah te, puan leh furniture-ah telh an ni thin. Chi hrang hrang 200 chuang a awm. Heng chemicals te hi an awmna thil siamchhuah atangin boruakah an put chhuak zung zung thin a, chuta tang chuan kan taksa-ah lutin, kan thisenah leh hriatna tha zamah te bu an khuar ta thin a ni.

Polybrominated diphenyl ether: Hei hi a chunga kan sawi brominated flame retardant te zing ami kha a ni a, hman nasat ber te zing ami a ni. US ah khuan kum 1960-1970 inkar khan kum tin mi 6000 chuang in kang avangin an thi ziah a. A chhan an han chhui chian chuan in tinah tun hma zawng aia nasa in plastic leh textile product chi hrang hrang hman nasat a lo nih tak avang a ni. Chung te chuan boruak lumah kangmei an man zung zung thin a, in kang a lo tam in, nunna chan pawh an tam phah a ni. Bromine atanga siamchhuah compound thenkhat ten mei an man har bik a ni tih hmuhchhuah a nih atangin chung chemicals te chu thil siamchhuah ah telh an ni thin a. Kum 1992 atang phei kha chuan brominated flame retardant te hi kum tin ton 15,0000 vel siamchhuah an lo ni ta a ni. Mahse heng chemicals te hian mihringah harsatna leh natna chi hrang hrang an siam in, endocrine disruptor an ni ngei a ni tih hriat chhian a lo nih ta bawk nen; kum 2006 atang than European Union ah chuan khap then an lo ni tan ta a ni.

v) Phthaleits(thaleits tia lamrik tur): Phthalates te hi hmanna chi hrang hrang a tam hle a. Plasticizers (plastic tlo, tha leh rintlak siam nana an telh thin) atan a hman a ni in, poly vinyl chloride (plastic siamna atana an hman chemicals chikhat) ti nem tu a ni. Hei vang hian plastic leh plastic atanga siam thil reng rengah chuan a awm deuh vek tura ngaih a ni a. Hei bakah hian damdawi tuamna kawr siam nan te, gel siam nan te, naupang lawm (toys)-ah te, lubricants atan te, thil silfaina (detergents)-ah te, thil ban (adhesive leh glue) siam nan te, insakna hmanrua chi hrang hrangah te, rawng chi hrang hrang leh printing ink-ah te, chhuat phah (floor tiles) siam nan te, puan leh thawmhnaw chi hrang hrang siamna (textiles) leh eitur siam sa (ready-made foods) tam takah telh an ni bawk. Phthalates hmanna langsar tak dang pakhat chu cosmetic industry-ah hian a ni. Heng rimtui chi hrang hrang perfume te, body lotion te, air freshener te, hmai hnawih chi hrang hrang, etc te hi anmahni mai chuan an daih rei thei lo va. Chuvang chuan an rimtuina a chamban rei theih nan phthalates te hi telh an ni thin (rimtui chi hrang hrangah hian a awm deuh vek a ni, nail polish, eye shadow, shampoo, etc thlengin). Phthalates te hi chi hrang hrang an awm a, kum 2004 khan kum tin ton maktaduai 3.63 khawvel pumpuiah siamchhuah an ni ziah anga chhut a ni.

Heng phthalates te hi mihring te khawsakna atana tangkai viau angin lang mahse, USA leh European Union-ah te chuan duh ang ang a hman leh thil siamchhuah a telh (a bikin naupang lawmah) khap an lo ni tan ta.

A chhan chu heng plastic leh thil dang dang a phthalates awmte hi boruakah an put chhuak zung zung thei a, chu chu kan lo hip lutin, kan eiturah te an lo tel ta thin a ni. Europe a researcher ten nausen kum 2 atanga thla 28 inkara upa te zun (urine) an zirchianna atanga an thil hmuhchhuah chu; an nausen enchhin zawng zawngte hian phthalates an pai vek a ni tih leh za a 80 te chuan chi sarih aia tam an pai a ni tih te, lotion, shampoo leh powder hmanga enkawl thin nausen te chuan hmang ve ngai lote aiin a let liin phthalates an pai tam zawk a ni tih te hi a ni. Tin, Centre for Disease Control and Prevention in American puitling zun an zirchianna atangin, mi tam zawk chuan phthalates chi hrang tam tak an pai a ni tih an hmuchhuak bawk.

Phthalates te hi endocrine disruptors an tihte zing ami an ni a, nausen leh nu pum chhung naute a chi insiam tur (sexual development) an khawih buai thei. Nausen mipa bikah testosterone (hormone chi khat, mipa bikah a awm, a nih tur aia tlem a awm chuan pa thei lo leh ‘tuai’ a awm tir thei) a ti tlem a, nau piang dik lo leh tha lo a thlen thei nia hriat a ni. Naupangah allergy leh thawhah (asthma) a siam thei a, puitlingah obesity (nih tur ang aia thau) leh zunthlum (Type II diabetes) a thlen thei bawk.

Kum 1981 khan chemical register an tih chu siam tan a ni a, chutah chuan chemicals chi hrang hrang siamchhuah tawh 1,00,016 te chhinchhiah an ni. Chung zinga 9,000 te chu an nihna (properties) chi hrang hrang zirchian tawh an niin 5,000 te chu mihring tana hlauawm (hazardous) an ni. Hetih laiin a bak zawng (85%) te chu an hlauhawm leh hlauhawm loh pawh hriat loh an la ni a. Chung chemicals hlauhawm tak tak te chu kan nitin nunah an bet nghet em em a, an tel loin kan nung thei tawh mang lo a ni. Tunah hian Europe a cheng mihring puitling zawng zawng khuan an taksa ah chemicals siamchawp (man-made chemicals) 500 chuang an pai vek a ni tih Express Micro Edition, January ni 6, 2000 a chhuak chuan a tarlang. Ram changkang leh chemicals hman dan chungchang a dan mumal zawk nei ram ah mah chuti fakau a a nasat chuan, keini India ram angah te hi chuan a va nasa leh zual dawn em.