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Tuesday, August 3, 2010

Zu tha a awm lo!

LPS in Zotalk programme ah Total Prohibition chungchanga live debate an buatsaih kha tlai khaw hnuah ka lo en ve a. Mizoram khawvela mi lar tak tak leh tawng hmang thiam tak takte thu leh hla khan beng a ti var in, ngaihthlak pawh a manhla hle a ni. A hnu lamah pawh zu chungchang ziahna article chanchinbu hrang hrangah leh internet lam atang ten ka lo chhiar ve zel a. Vawi tam tak, “Total Prohibition avangin Mizoramah zu tha lo a tam phah”, tih thu hmuh tur a awm fo. He thu ka hriat apiang hian, “Zu tha a awm a mi?” tih hi min ngaihtuah tir thin a. Mi tam tak chuan zu tih tak nan emaw a in te an ruih hma nana a zuar tute emaw, a sa tuten emaw thil dang an pawlh hi zu tha lo/zu chhia kan tih ber chu niin a lang. Hetianga, zu a thil dang pawlh hi a tha lo teh meuh mai. Mahse, eng anga zu man to leh changkang, thil dang pawlh miah loh pawh ni se; kan taksa, rilru leh pawn lam nun thlenga a tihchhiat theih dan hriatchian chuan zu tha hi a lo awm lo. Engtik hunah emaw chuan kan hmasawnna kal chho zel leh changkanna nia kan hriatte avangin Total Prohibition hi hlih a la ngai ngei ang. Chutiang hun a lo thleng anih pawhin a nihna dik tak kan hriatchian a, in lo thei tura inven nachang kan hriat hi a pawimawh dawn a ni.

Zu chi hrang hrang te:

Chemistry zirna atang chuan carbon leh hydrogen an pai tam dan a zirin zu hi chi hrang hrangah then a ni a. Chung zinga Mizo mipui ten kan hriat lar pahnih chu lo bihchiang dawn ila-

a) Methanol: Wood alcohol an ti bawk. Mizoram leh hmun dang dangah zu chhia in avanga mitdel leh thi sawi tur an awm thin, hei hi methanol avang a ni tlangpui. Taksa a a luh chuan tur hlauhawm takah a inlet a, lem khat (10 mL) lek a tam pawh hian thihna a thlen thei a, thihna a thlen em loh pawn mit a tidel thei a ni. Kan hriat atana tha chu laboratory a hman atana an siam ethanol ah hian methanol 5-10% vel telh a ni thin a. Chutiang chu denatured alcohol/dehydrated alcohol/ methylated spirit, etc tih hming pu in zawrh chhuah a ni thin. Zu zuar tam takin an zu tih tak nan a hlauhawm zia hre lovin hetiang hi an lo telh ru thin a, chu chuan mit delna leh thihna hial a thlen thin a nih hi.

b) Ethanol/ethyl alcohol: Hei hi kan in thin zu hi a ni a. Ethanol tam dan a zir leh siam an nih dan a zir in zu hi chi hrang hrangah an then leh a. Distilled spirit an tih heng whisky, rum, vodka, brandy ah te hian a tlangpuiin 40-50% ethanol a awm a, wine chi hrang hrang ah hian 12-22% ethanol a awm a, beer/toddy ah te hian 4-8% ethanol telh an ni thin bawk. Mizoram a kan siam chhuah rakzu tui pawlh loh kan tihah te hian 30-45% ethanol a awm ve thei a, bazaar a grape wine kan hmuh theih hoah hian 18% thleng te pawh a awm ve thei a ni.

Zu in kan taksa a hna a thawh dan:

Zu kan in hian kan pumpui leh ril bangah ah te a inchiah zawp(absorbed) a, chuta tang chuan kan thisen ah lut in, thisen zam ah a kal kual ta thin a. Thisen zam atangin thinah a lut leh a, chutah chuan kan thin a enzymes chikhat alcohol dehydrogenase an tih te chuan chemicals chikhat, tur hlauhawm tak acetaldehyde an tihah an lo let thin. Acetaldehyde hi zu kan in avanga kan ruih nachhan hi a ni a, zu ngawlveina thlentu leh zu avanga natna leh harsatna chi hrang hrang thlentu hi a ni bawk. Acetaldehyde te hi kan taksa a enzymes chidang, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase an tihte chuan acetic acid ah an lo let veleh a, hei avang hian zu rui pawh an lo harh leh thei thin a ni. A huai ami ang hian:

Acetaldehyde a an inleh hma hian ethanol te hi kan thisen zam ah an kal kual thin a. Chuvang chuan thisena zu awm zat atangin zu kan in hnem leh hnem loh a hriat thei thin. Ethanol hi alcohol dangte nena khaikhin chuan a hlauhawm nep hle zawk a. Sai lian ber atanga tho hmi thleng hian, nungchate hian zu pai thawih theih dan kan nei hi a mak khawp mai. Hei hi a chhan chua khuarel thil (nature) ah hian a tam em vang a ni. Kan thil ei paithawih nan a tangkai avangin pumpuiah tlem a zawng chu a insiam ve reng bawk. Hetih lai hian a hmaa kan sawi methanol leh alcohol dangte chu taksa tan an hlauhawm em em a.

Hei hi a chhan chu methanol kan taksa a a luh chuan kan thisen zamah a kal kual a. Chuta tang chuan thin ah lut in, kan thin a enzymes chi khat alcohol dehydrogenase kan tihte khan chemicals hlauhawm tak mai formaldehyde ah an lo let a, chu chu formaldehyde dehydrogenase an tihten formic acid ah an lo let veleh a ni. Heng chemicals chi hnih folmaldehyde leh formic acid te hi thihna leh mitdelna thlen thin tute chu an ni.

Mizoram a kan Grape Wine te hi:

Mizorama kan grape wine ho ah hian acidity (thur) a sang hle a. Sample thenkhat laboratory a ka enchhin tawh ho ah chuan 10-18% ethanol awm in, pH meter ah 1-3 an kawk bawk a ni. pH meter hi acidity (thur leh thur loh) tehna hmanrua a ni a, pH scale ah chuan 7 hi neutral a ni a. Chu chu tui thianghlim tak, engmah pawlh loh hian a kawk thin. 7 hnuai lam chu acid an ti a, a number a tlem poh leh acidity a sang tihna a ni a, 7 chunglam chu ‘base’ an ti thung. Mizo ten acid kan tih hian ser thur anga thur hi kan kawhtir deuh ber thin. Mahse, chemicals chikhat, picric acid an tih chu khawvela thil kha ber pawl a ni thung. An nihna (properties) kha a pawimawh ber zawk chu a ni. Heng Mizoram a kan grape wine thenkhat te hi pH scale ah chuan pumpui tana pawi khawih thei khawpa thur an ni a. Kan ha an ti tim kher lo a ni mai thei e, mahse pum tan an tha lo thei a nih tih hria in kan in lo thei lo anih pawhin in dan chin tawk kan hriat a pawimawh a ni.

India ram dinhmun:

  1. India ram ah hian zu in mi maktaduai 62.5 awm anga chhut a ni a, kum 1970-1996 chhung khan zu in 106.7% (per capita consumption of alcohol) a tam belh anga chhut a ni bawk.
  2. Kum 1950-1960 inkar khan zu intan kum chawhrual (mean age) chu kum 23.36 anih lain kum 1980-1990 ah chuan kum 19.45 ah a tla thla tawh a ni.
  3. Zu siam chhuah leh zawrh atanga tax lakluh hi India ram state tam berte sum hmuhna hnar ber a ni a (kum khatah Rs 25,000 crores), zu zawrh khap a nihna state heng Gujarat, Mizoram, Manipur leh Nagaland tih loh state danga zu zawrh phal anih chhan pawh tax atanga sum lut a tam vang hi nia ngaih a ni.
  4. India ram state 23 a addiction centre hrang hrangte report a a lan dan in state pakhat ah chauh tih loh chuan zu hi addiction centre a an awm chhan lian ber emaw a dawttu emaw an ni vek a ni.
  5. India ram Sorkar Hospital a hliam tuar inentir zawng zawng zingah 37% te hi zu vang a ni a, rilru lam buaina 17.6%, thluak hliam (brain injuries) 15-20% leh mahni intihhlum tum 34% te chu zu vang a ni bawk.
  6. Hna thawhna hmun a kal lo (absenteeism) zing ah 20% leh hna thawhna hmun a accident thleng 40% te hi zu kaihhnawih thil avanga thleng a ni.
  7. Zu avanga kum tina kan thil hloh (annual loss) hi Rs 70,000-80,000 maktaduai inkar anga chhut a ni.
  8. Indian mipa zingah nupui te chunga kutthlak ching 85% te chu nitin zu in emaw zu in zing tak an ni a, hetiang thil thleng 50% aia tam chu zuruih lai a thleng a ni bawk.
  9. India mipui te hian chawhrual in kan thawhchhuah atanga 3-45% chu zu manah kan hmang thin ni a chhut a ni bawk a ni.
  10. India ram hi zu lei tur leh zu in tam lamah khawvelah pathumna a ni ta a. Hetia zu a hluar tak em em nachhan te chu kan khawtlang nun dang lam chhoh zel vang te, zu lei mai tur a tam tak avang te, ram dang nena kan in sumdawn tawnna (a bikin zu kaihnawih thilah) thlah dul a nih avang te leh zu hlauhawm zia in zirtirna that tawk loh vang te ni a ngaih a ni bawk a ni.

Meghalaya dinhmun:

Meghalaya hi India ram state zingah zu man tlawmna ber a ni a, zu bottle khat zel hi India ram hmun dang aiin 25% vel laiin a tlawm zawk a. Hei hi a chhan chu zu zuar ten tax an chawi tlem vang a ni. An English chanchinbu leh national newspaper ah te an chanchin chhe lam an chhuah ngai vak loh avangin zu chungchang bikah pawh harsatna an nei ngai lo emaw tih mai tur a ni a. Mahse, Express India April ni 18, 2008 chhuakah chuan Meghalaya a thihna thlentu lian ber (biggest killer) chu zu anih thu an rawn chhuah a ni. Kum 2007 khan Meghalaya a civil Hospital pathum; Shillong, Tura leh Jowai Civil Hospital ah ringawt zu avanga thi mi 104 an awm a, hmun dang ami te nen chhinchhiah ni phei selang chuan hei ai daih a a tam tur thu Shillong Civil Hospital Joint Director B. Garod chuan a sawi nghe nghe. Thi zawng zawng deuh thaw hi thalai kum 40 la tling lo an ni a. Kumin kumtir Shillong Times chhuak ah pawh zu hi an state chhunga thihna thlentu lian ber a la nih zel thu leh chhungkaw tinah zu ngawlvei pakhat zel tal awm ang an nih thu an rawn chhuah bawk. Zu man a tlawmna leh zu tamna hmun apiangah zu avanga harsatna a pung niin a hmuh theih.

Khap zel hi a tha em?

Professor David Nutt-a, UK Government Adviser leh Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs, UK a Chairman ni bawk chuan, “Zu hi tunlai a hmuhchhuah chu ni se damdawi anga ngaih a ni ang a, khuahkhirh a ni ngei ang,” a ti a. A thatna sawi tur eng emaw zat chu a awm ngei ang. Damdawi tha tak a nihna te pawh a awm mai thei. Mahse, zu hi in tawh chuan sim leh a harsa a, ngaih (addict) theih a nih avang leh in nasat chuan taksa ah harsatna chi hrang hrang a siam theih avangin khuahkhirh hi thil tha tak chu a ni. Shillong ah kum 10 dawn ka awm ta a. Mizoram atanga rawn kal Mizo tam takin Shillong nuam an tih chhan chu zu a tam vang hi niin a lang. Chutih laiin zu tamna hmun ah pawh zu in duh chuang lo mi tam tak hmuh tur an awm. Kohhran a mi inhmang tak, a tlangval that laia nasa taka zu lo in ve tawh thin, Shillong-a a rawn kal tuma zu in leh ta chu a in chhan ka zawt a. Ani chuan, “Zu ka lo in nasa tawh thin a, khatia zu lei mai theih a a lo intlar thut mai ka hmuh khan ka chil a put nasa lutuk a, ka kal pel thei ngang lo a ni,” a ti hlawl mai a ni. Hmanni lawka veng pakhat Pavalai Pawl Leader lo zin pawh a zu in chhan chu, “A tam em a ni,” tih a ni. Zu a tam chuan kan in tam a, zu lei tur a awm loh chuan kan in lo ni maiin a lang.

Mizoram mipui ka ngaihtuah in, khap zel hi a tha hrih in ka hria. Mi thenkhat, lehkhathiam leh hawi zau, mual eng hmu phak chin te zingah thian kawm nana hmanga zu in thiam takte pawh an lo awm a ni thei e. Chung mite chu Total Prohibition sawisel nasa ber tute pawh an niin ka hria. Amaherawhchu, heng mite hnena ka ngen duh chu; Mizo mipui nawlpui dinhmun thlir thiam phak khawpin kan khaw hawi ti zau ila, zu hi Mizo te hian kan in thiam lo tak zet a ni tih hi i pawm ngam ang u. Kan khap rem tak tak thei lo anih pawh in, in tur a tlem hi keini Mizo mipui te tan hian malsawmna ropui tak a ni a, kan dinhmun nen pawh ala inhmeh tawk viau bawk a ni. Natna chi hrang hrang tunhma a kan hriat ngai reng reng lohte avanga Mizo thalai te kan thih zawih zawih lai hian, ka thalai pui, zu avanga an thih belh tur hi kei ka ngaingam lo a ni.

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